President Trump has pursued tariff policies to reach trade agreements more favorable to the United States, reduce the bilateral trade deficit, and bring manufacturing back to the United States. The articles in this theme explore the impacts of these policies on the US economy and bilateral trade with other countries.

The United States has extended power-based bargaining to negotiations with most of its trading partners, undermining key principles of reciprocity and nondiscrimination. This article describes the mechanics of power-based bargaining and its likely impact on agricultural trade, along with discussion of an alternative approach to renegotiating market access commitments.

This article discusses President Trump’s tariff policies, their impacts on aggregate agricultural trade, inefficiencies arising from the escalating tariffs and bilateral trade agreements, uncertainty caused by these policies, and the effects on the trade deficit.

In 2025, the United States introduced a new vision for trade policy to rebalance bilateral trade relationships, reduce foreign trade barriers, and incentivize domestic of manufacturing. This approach has stimulated several new bilateral deals. This article examines their implications for US agriculture, including exports, current tariffs, and trade complementarity.

US trade policy changes in 2025 could reshape agricultural exports. Products with high risk from foreign retaliation include soybeans, corn, fresh vegetables, tree nuts, and distilled spirits. Chinese retaliation could reduce exports by as much as $22 billion. New UK and Japan deals could offset as much as $31.9 billion in losses.

Recent US tariff policies have caused world trade to decline, and the US share of world trade declines by 11%. The US trade deficit decreases, but it is still large. Further reductions in the trade deficit would diminish the US relevance in the world market as the main trading partner.